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Stainless Steel Custom 455

Stainless Steel Custom 455 is age-hardenable martensitic steel with many favorable properties, including excellent formability and machinability (hot and cold), high yield strength and toughness, excellent corrosion resistance to atmospheric environments, age-hardenability with only one treatment, and good ductility.

As a result, Custom 455 is used in various fields, including medical devices and instruments, needles, pins, food processing and handling, and heat exchangers and conveyors.

Tech Steel & Materials offers Stainless Steel Custom 455 in two four-type specifications and multiple shapes/forms:

Stainless Steel Custom 455 Chemical Composition

Element Min (%) Max (%)
Carbon, C — 0.05
Manganese, Mn — 0.50
Silicon, Si — 0.50
Sulfur, S — 0.03
Phosphorus, P — 0.04
Chromium, Cr 11 12.5
Niobium + Tantalum, Nb + Ta 0.1 0.5
Nickel, Ni 7.5 9.5
Copper, Cu 1.5 2.5
Molybdenum, Mo — 0.5
Titanium, Ti 0.8 1.4
Iron, Fe — *Balance

*Not exclusively to the element mentioned, but that one predominates other elements that are used in smaller quantities.

Fabrication and Working Instructions

Stainless Steel Custom 455 reacts well to hot working and cold working. For hot working, temperatures ranging from 1650 to 2300 °F (899 to 1260 °C) are recommended. To obtain optimal mechanical properties, before forging, the alloy should be heated uniformly to temperatures ranging from 1900 to 2100 °F (1038 to 1149 °C). Furthermore, for optimal grain size, a finishing temperature ranging from 1500 to 1700 °F (816 to 927 °C) is recommended.

Although Custom 455 is martensitic steel with exceptional toughness and yield strength, it possesses excellent ductility and formability. Thus, the material reacts very well to cold working in the annealed condition. Specifically, it responds well to forming, cold drawing, and cold rolling, without intermediate annealing. Moreover, Custom 455 also reacts well to cold-heading and warm-heading operations.

Custom 455 can also be finished in very tight tolerances when in an annealed state, thanks to the minimal -0.001 in/in change during hardening.

However, it’s always best to form or machine the material before heat treatment since it elevates the strength and toughness even further.

Physical Properties Stainless Steel Custom 455

Property Imperial Metric
Specific Density (annealed condition) 0.280 lb/in3 7.76 g/cm3
Specific Density (H 900) 0.281 lb/in3 7.78 g/cm3
Specific Density (H 950) 0.281 lb/in3 7.79 g/cm3
Specific Density (H 1000) 0.282 lb/in3 7.80 g/cm3
Specific Density (H 1050) 0.282 lb/in3 7.80 g/cm3
Specific Density (H 1100) 0.283 lb/in3 7.82 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity (annealed condition) 35.6 µΩ in 90.6 µΩ cm
Electrical Resistivity (H 950) 29.8 µΩ in 75.8 µΩ cm
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (72 °F to 200 °F) (22 °C to 93 °C) 5.9 [10-6/°F] 10.6 [10-6/K]
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (72 °F to 300 °F) (22 °C to 149 °C) 6.03 [in/in/°F·106] 10.9 [10-6/K]
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (72 °F to 500 °F) (22°C to 260°C) 6.2 [10-6/°F] 11.2 [10-6/K]
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (72 °F to 700 °F) (22 °C to 371 °C) 6.45 [10-6/°F] 11.6 [10-6/K]
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (72 °F to 900 °F) (22 °C to 482 °C) 6.68 [10-6/°F] 12 [10-6/K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 212 °F) (@ 100 °C) 125 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F) 216 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 392 °F) (@ 200 °C) 137 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F) 237 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 572 °F) (@ 300 °C) 148 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F) 256 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 752 °F) (@ 500 °C) 162 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F) 280 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 932 °F) (@ 600 °C) 172 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F) 297 [W/m-K]
Poisson’s Ratio (H900 Condition) 0.300 0.300
Modulus of Elasticity (H900 Condition) 29 x 106 ksi 200 x 103 MPa
Modulus of Rigidity 11 x 103 ksi 76 x 103 MPa

Stainless Steel Custom 455 Mechanical Properties

Property Imperial Metric
Ultimate Tensile Strength 245000 psi 1689 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength (@800 °F / 427 °C) 180000 psi 1241 MPa
Yield Strength (0.02% Offset) 237000 psi 1634 MPa
Yield Strength (0.02% Offset, @800 °F / 427 °C) 166000 psi 1145 MPa
Elongation at Break (in 4D) 11% 11%
Rockwell Hardness C 49 49
Brinell Hardness 472 472
Knoop Hardness 519 519
Vickers Hardness 496 496
Charpy Impact 8.85 ft-lb 12 J
Shear Modulus 112000 ksi 76.9 GPa

Heat Treatment

Stainless Steel Custom 455 comes in the annealed condition unless specified otherwise. However, depending on the needs, additional heat treatment will yield different hardness and strength levels. The H 900, H 950, H 100, H 1050, and H 1100 are all precipitation or age-hardened versions of the alloy.

The number refers to the temperature used for age hardening. For example, Custom 455 H 900 is first annealed, then heated to 900°F / 480°C and air-cooled for four hours.

Select AMS Number:

AMS Number Alloy Type UNS Cross Ref. Spec Misc./Shape
AMS 5578
 Custom 455 Stainless Steel S45500 - Tubing Custom 455
AMS 5617 Custom 455 Steel S45500  
AMS 5617 Bar Custom 455 Steel S45500 - Bar AMS 5617 Bar
AMS 5617 Forging Custom 455 Steel S45500 - Forging AMS 5617 Forging
AMS 5617 Wire Custom 455 Steel S45500 - Wire AMS 5617 Wire
AMS 5672
 Custom 455 Steel S45500 - Wire Custom 455
AMS 5860 Custom 455 Stainless Steel s45500  
AMS 5860 Plate Custom 455 Stainless Steel s45500 - Plate AMS 5860 Plate
AMS 5860 Sheet Custom 455 Stainless Steel s45500 - Sheet AMS 5860 Sheet
AMS 5860 Strip Custom 455 Stainless Steel s45500 - Strip AMS 5860 Strip